大家好,关于关系副词很多朋友都还不太明白,不知道是什么意思,那么今天我就来为大家分享一下关于关系副词定语从句的相关知识,文章篇幅可能较长,还望大家耐心阅读,希望本篇文章对各位有所帮助!
1什么叫关系副词
简单说:关系副词 和副词性质一样禅亩,但作用不同:引导定语从句。
关系副词 = 介词 + which-, 两者可互换的。至于什么“介词”要视上下文而定。
举个例子:
e.g. This is the old house ( where) Deng Xiaoping used to live.
拆开成两个相关的简单句:
1. This is the old house. 2. Deng Xiaoping used to live in the old house.
将两句合并时,后句有重复部分:the old house 需要替代。
如果只替代the old house = which-
e.g. This is the old house (which/ that) Deng Xiaoping used to live in.
也可将 in 提到前面:
This is the old house in which Deng Xiaoping used to live.
如果只想用一个词替代,贺蔽森in + which-, 那就用关系副词:where.
This is the old house where Deng xiaoping used to live.
所以:where= in which/ which...in = in the old house.
其他常见的关系副词:
1. (a time) when- = prep. + which-
2. (the way) how-= in + which-
3. (the reason) why-= for + which-
关系副词用来引导关系从句,即定语从句。并闹
如This is the hotel where we stayed last summer.
I'll never forget his surprise when we told him.
Can you tell me the reason why you are so unhappy?
关系代词有who、whom、whose、that、which,它们都是用来引导定语从句的。这类代词都起着三重作用,一是代表前面的名词,二是把从句和它所修饰的词连接起来,三是在从句中叶担任一个成分。
如The noise that he made woke everybody up.
I met someone who said he knew you.
I saw something in the paper which might interest you.
2关系代词 关系副词 连接代词 连接副词有哪些?
关系代词和关系副词是在定语从句中的.(在句子中做句罩简子成分.关系代词通常做主语或者宾语;whose除外,做定语.
关系副词做状语培纤).不可省略.
先看下面
关系词:引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,
which,
who,
whom,
whose,
as等;关系副词有where,
when,
why等。
关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从配闷仿句。2,代替先行词。3,在定语从句中担当一个成分
在主语从句和表语从句中的,连接词一般包括(连词
,连接代词,连接副词),可以在句子中句子成分.可做主语,宾语,和状语,并且不可省略..翻译时还不可以翻译为疑问词.
主语从句中的连词有:
that
.whether.
连接代词有:what.whatever.who
.whoever等
连接副词有:when
where
how
why
等.
在表语从句中,连词有:that
whether
连接代词有:
who
which
what
连接副词有:when
where
how
why
在不同的从句中,词语的称呼不一样的.可能有相同的,但是作用不一样,意义也不同
3什么是关系副词?
引导定语从句的关系副词有三个:when,where,why,都在定语从句中担任状语(注意不能担任主语和宾语,这常常是解题关键)
一、关系副词when的用法
when 既可引导限制性定语从句,又可引导非限制性定语从句。先行词是时间名词,在从句中充当时间状语,相当于“介词+which”。如:
Can you tell me the time when the film will start?—Can you tell me the time at which the film will start? 请告诉我电影什么时候开始好吗?(限制性定语从句)
I will never forget the day, when I joined the Party. —I will never forget the day, on which I joined the Party. 我入党的那一天指型,我永远不会忘记。(非限制性定语从句)
二、关系副词where的用法
where既可引导限制性定语从句,又可引导非限制性定语从句。先行词是地点名词,在从句中充当地点状语,相当于:“介词+which”。如:
This is the school where I studied a few years ago. —This is the school in which I studied a few years ago. 这就是我几年前所在读书的学校
Let’s go to the concert, where you will find much fun. —Let’s go to the concert, in which you will find much fun. 我们去音乐演唱会吧,在那里你会找到很大的乐趣。
三、关系副词why的用法
why只能引导限制性定语从句,先行词猛迹只有reason一词,在从句中充当原因状语,相当于:“for + which”。如:
Do you know the reason why he is not here now?—Do you know the reason for which he is not here now? 你知道他还没有来这儿的原因吗?
四、关系副词that的用法
that只能引导限制性定语从句,充当关系副词时,其作用相当于:“介词+关系代词”,在从句中充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语等。如:
1. 在定语从句中作时间状语。现行词有:each time, every time, anytime, the first time, the moment, the minute, the hour, etc. 但现代英语中,that往往省略。如:
Each time (that) I meet him, he will smile and say “hello”. 每次我会见他时,他都会笑着说“喂,你好!”
2. 在定语从句中作方式状语, 现行词是way, 如:
Can you show me the way (that) you solve the problem like this? 请告诉我你解决这类问题的方法好吗?
3. 在定语从句中作原因状语,现行词只有reason一词,如:
I don’t know the reason (that) he has left school now. 我不知道他辍学的原因。
4. 在定语从句中做其他状语,现行词如price, speed等,如:
I think the price (that) she sells her apple is too high. (that = at which) 我认为她卖苹果的价格太高
关系代词:在句中作主语、宾语或定语
有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等,
1. that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语也可以省略.[eg:This is the book (which)you want.]
2. 如果which在从句中枝逗并作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置
3. 代表物时多用which,但在下列情况中用that而不用which:
a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时;
b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时,这时的that常被省略;
c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;
d)先行词中既有人又有物时;
e)整个句中前面已有which,who,that时;
f)当先行词为物并作表语时;
g)先行词为one时;
h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;
4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语
5. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与 of which 调换,表达的意思一样.
区分关系副词和关系代词基本方法如下:
先把主句和定语从句分开,再找出定语从句所修饰的名词/代词(即先行词),然后放入定语从句中,看看这两者的搭配情况.
1)如果定语从句和该先行词可以直接相连,且在从句中充当主语/宾语/表语的话,则用关系代词.
因为关系代词也属于代词,而代词功能同名词,在句子中一般充当语/宾语/表语.
如:This is the city (which/that) you visited last year.
定语从句所修饰的先行词是the city,放入定语从句you visited last year中,则它直接充当visited的宾语,变成:you visited the city last year.
2)如果定语从句和该先行词无法直接相连,必须另外多加上介词,并在定语从句中充当状语时,则使用关系副词.
如:This is the city where you stayed last year.
定语从句所修饰的先行词也是the city,将其放入定语从句中不能直接作成分,必须加上介词in,一起做从句的地点状语,即定语从句变为:you stayed in the city last year.
4英语语法问题 关系副词 where
定语从句中得关系副词是where when 和why
其中why 的用法比较固定,通慎陆常先行词必须是the reason
when 和where的用法要求有两点,第一先行词分别表示时间和地点,第二也是非常重要的一点,一定要在从句中做的是状语的成分,否则即使先行词是指时间地点的也不能用when 和where比如: I like the place where i worked 2 years ago.其中where在从句中是状语的,所以用宽蚂顷where
I like the place that he told me. 这里面从句中需要一个宾语,所以不能用where,即物念使先行词同样是表示地点的词,也不能where
所以where和when是不能用that, which 来替代的。
但是可以用介词+which的结构替换when或者where
第一句话可以写成i like the place in which i worked 2 years ago.
好了,文章到此结束,希望可以帮助到大家。